By Sheba Abraham
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August 15, 2023
Insurance, at its core, is a promise . Policyholders pay a sum of money, known as a premium , to an insurance company. In return, the company promises to pay out a specified amount should a particular event, like a car accident or house fire, occur. Theoretically, the system operates on trust and risk calculation , but the mechanics of how insurance companies profit can sometimes leave consumers scratching their heads. The Risk Calculation Insurance companies employ a fleet of actuaries, professionals skilled in mathematics, statistics, and finance, to predict the likelihood and cost of a claim. Using vast amounts of data, actuaries determine the premiums policyholders should pay. Their goal is to ensure the premium covers potential claims, operational costs, and allows for a desirable profit margin. Losses and Profits At first glance, it seems counterintuitive for an insurance company to profit from losses. After all, a large claim payout would mean that the insurer is losing money. However, it's essential to understand the bigger picture. Insurance companies pool the premiums of many customers. While one policyholder might may suffer a covered loss, several others will not. This pool of premiums, when effectively managed, should exceed the total payout for claims. Investments Insurance premiums don’t just sit idle. Once they’re collected, insurance companies actually invest a significant portion of these funds, typically in low-risk assets like bonds. The returns from these investments often form a sizable portion of an insurance company’s profit. Even if an insurer breaks even between the premiums collected and claims paid, they can still turn a profit through savvy investments. Florida Trends in Auto Insurance Florida saw its population rise enormously during the pandemic. From April 2020 to April 2021, approximately 330,000 people moved to Florida. This equated to over 900 people moving to the state each day. The busier the roads, the more likely an accident will occur. But let's look at specific causes for the rise in auto insurance premiums: 1. Rising Inflation If you are involved in a car accident, the cost to repair your vehicle is now much higher than it used to be. Skyrocketing cost of materials and labor directly impacts how much it would take to repair or replace a vehicle after a crash. 2. Rising Cost of Healthcare Similarly, higher healthcare costs play a role in pushing up premiums. At Goldberg Noone Abraham, we are seeing the average hospital bill after a car accident 2-3x higher than what we saw just ten years ago. While there are many factors resulting in these high charges, the patient or victim of the car accident is still left with that debt, resulting in more insurance claims for reimbursement. The same is true for their future medical needs. What once seemed affordable is no longer. 3. Uninsured Drivers Florida ranks sixth among the states with the highest percentage of uninsured drivers. In addition, in Florida, vehicle owners are not required to carry bodily injury liability insurance. This means a reckless driver can cause an accident, resulting in injuries, and lawfully have no insurance to pay for the consequences. We have urged our legislature to change the law to ensure people are held accountable, instead of forcing people to use their own insurance to pay for someone else's negligence. 4. Litigation Costs Insurance companies often point the finger at the consumer for the increase in lawsuits, but in reality -- insurance companies are consistently wrongfully denying claims and lowballing the consumers they feel they can take advantage of. This course of dealings leads to lawsuits as consumers are left with no choice but to hire an attorney to get the insurance company to do the right thing. In some circumstances, insurance companies have been heavily fined for its practices of knowingly denying valid claims. When insurance companies are held to higher standards, good faith claims handling practices will increase and litigation costs will go down. Ultimately, there are a number of factors that contribute to the rise of insurance premiums. While insurance companies are for-profit entities and have strategies to ensure profitability, it's essential for consumers to be informed. Understanding how premiums are calculated and where the money goes can lead to better choices in policies and planning.